Hognose snakes are fascinating reptiles, beloved by pet enthusiasts for their quirky behaviors and distinctive upturned snouts. Among the various types and color morphs of hognose snakes, one of the most intriguing yet misunderstood is the “blue phase.” This guide aims to shed light on what the blue phase really is, how it affects the hognose snake, and what it means for those who keep them as pets. Whether you’re a seasoned reptile keeper or a curious beginner, this comprehensive guide will provide you with everything you need to know.
Understanding Hognose Snakes
Before diving into the blue phase, it’s important to understand the basics of hognose snakes. There are three primary species commonly kept as pets:
- Eastern Hognose Snake (Heterodon platirhinos)
- Western Hognose Snake (Heterodon nasicus)
- Southern Hognose Snake (Heterodon simus)
Of these, the Western Hognose is the most popular in the pet trade due to its smaller size, hardiness, and variety of color morphs. These snakes are known for their dramatic defensive displays, including flattening their necks like a cobra, hissing loudly, and even playing dead.
Hognose snakes are relatively small, typically growing to about 14 to 36 inches in length. They thrive on a diet of rodents and require a simple, well-maintained habitat with appropriate temperature gradients and hiding spots.
What is the Blue Phase?
The term “blue phase” does not refer to a genetic morph or permanent coloration but rather a temporary condition that occurs during the snake‘s shedding cycle. This phase is part of a process known as ecdysis, or molting, which is how reptiles grow and replace old skin.
During the shedding cycle, hognose snakes go through a series of changes:
- Dull Coloration: The snake’s normally vibrant colors become dull and cloudy.
- Blue Eyes: The eyes develop a blue or milky appearance, often referred to as being “in blue.”
- Decreased Activity and Appetite: The snake may become less active and refuse food.
The blue coloration in the eyes is due to a layer of fluid building up between the old skin and the new layer underneath. This fluid helps to separate the two layers and facilitates a clean shed. The rest of the snake’s body may also appear bluish or muted in color, contributing to the term “blue phase.”
Duration and Frequency
The blue phase typically lasts for a few days to a week, depending on the individual snake and environmental factors such as humidity and temperature. Shedding frequency varies with age and health:
- Juveniles shed more frequently, sometimes every few weeks.
- Adults may shed every couple of months.
Behavior During the Blue Phase
Understanding your hognose snake’s behavior during the blue phase can help ensure proper care. Here are some common changes you might notice:
- Irritability: The snake may become defensive due to impaired vision.
- Hiding More Often: They may seek shelter to feel safe during this vulnerable time.
- Refusing Food: Many hognoses will not eat while in blue.
These behaviors are normal and should not be a cause for concern. However, it’s important to monitor your snake to ensure the shed completes successfully.
Caring for a Hognose Snake in Blue
Proper husbandry is essential during the shedding process. Here are some tips to help your snake through the blue phase:
- Increase Humidity: Ensure the enclosure has 40-60% humidity. Add a moist hide with damp sphagnum moss to facilitate shedding.
- Minimize Handling: Avoid stressing your snake. Handling should be kept to a minimum.
- Check for Signs of Trouble: After the shed, make sure the old skin has come off completely, including the eye caps and tail tip.
If any part of the shed remains stuck, you can assist by soaking the snake in lukewarm water for about 10-15 minutes and gently rubbing the affected area with a soft cloth.
Common Mistakes and Misconceptions
Many new reptile keepers mistake the blue phase for illness. While it’s good to be cautious, recognizing the signs of a normal shed can help prevent unnecessary stress or veterinary visits.
Myth 1: The blue phase is a sign of disease.
Truth: This is a natural part of the shedding cycle.
Myth 2: The snake is going blind.
Truth: The blue eyes are temporary and vision will return after shedding.
Myth 3: You should feed your snake more to help it shed.
Truth: Feeding is usually unnecessary and the snake may not eat until after the shed.
Shedding Problems and When to See a Vet
While most hognose snakes shed without issue, problems can occur:
- Retained Eye Caps: This can lead to eye infections.
- Incomplete Shed: Often caused by low humidity.
- Lethargy or Lack of Shedding: May indicate underlying health problems.
If you notice any of these issues and they don’t resolve quickly, it’s best to consult a reptile veterinarian.
Tips for Maintaining Proper Shedding Conditions
A well-maintained habitat goes a long way in supporting healthy shedding. Here’s what you should consistently monitor:
- Humidity: Use a hygrometer to keep track.
- Substrate: Coconut fiber, aspen shavings, or paper towels are good options.
- Water Bowl: Always provide clean, fresh water.
- Temperature Gradient: 75-85°F during the day, with a basking spot up to 90°F.
Morphs and the Blue Phase
It’s important to distinguish between a color morph and a snake being in blue. Some morphs may have bluish or grayish hues, but the blue phase is a temporary condition unrelated to genetics. Color morphs include:
- Albino
- Anaconda
- Toffee Belly
- Arctic
These morphs may exhibit different shedding characteristics, but they all go through the blue phase as part of normal ecdysis.
Breeding Considerations
If you are breeding hognose snakes, understanding the shedding cycle is crucial. Females often shed before laying eggs, known as the pre-lay shed. Recognizing this phase can help you prepare the nesting area and monitor egg development.
During breeding season, males may also shed more frequently due to increased activity and hormonal changes.
Conclusion
The blue phase of a hognose snake is a normal, temporary part of the shedding process. Though it might look unusual, it’s nothing to worry about as long as the snake sheds properly. By understanding what to expect and how to support your snake, you can ensure they remain healthy and stress-free.
As a pet owner, learning to identify the blue phase and responding appropriately is a vital part of hognose snake care. With good husbandry and a little patience, your hognose snake will thrive through each shedding cycle, blue phase and all.
Whether you’re captivated by their unique behaviors or drawn to their stunning morphs, hognose snakes are truly remarkable reptiles. Embracing every phase of their lives, including the blue phase, will deepen your appreciation for these charming serpents.
Related Topics:
