Shar Peis are a unique and ancient breed known for their distinctive wrinkled skin and loyal temperament. However, prospective and current owners often wonder about the health issues associated with this breed. This article explores whether Shar Peis get sick easily by examining their common health problems, preventive care, and ways to ensure their well-being.
The History and Characteristics of Shar Peis
A Brief History of Shar Peis
Shar Peis originated in China over 2,000 years ago, primarily used as guard dogs and hunters. Their name translates to “sand skin,” a reference to their rough coat. The breed almost faced extinction in the mid-20th century but was revived by dedicated breeders. Today, Shar Peis are beloved for their unique appearance and loyal nature.
Physical Characteristics
Shar Peis are medium-sized dogs with distinctive loose, wrinkled skin and a “hippopotamus” face. They have small, sunken eyes, a broad muzzle, and a blue-black tongue. Their coat can be either “horse coat” (short and rough) or “brush coat” (slightly longer and smoother). These physical traits, while endearing, can contribute to some of the breed’s health challenges.
Common Health Issues in Shar Peis
Skin Problems
Dermatitis and Infections
The wrinkles and folds in Shar Peis’ skin can trap moisture and bacteria, leading to dermatitis and infections. Skin fold pyoderma is a common issue, causing redness, odor, and discomfort. Regular cleaning and drying of the folds are essential to prevent these problems.
Demodectic Mange
Shar Peis are prone to demodectic mange, a skin condition caused by mites. Symptoms include hair loss, redness, and itching. While most dogs have mites, Shar Peis may have an immune system deficiency that makes them more susceptible to severe infestations. Treatment typically involves medicated baths, topical ointments, and, in severe cases, oral medications.
Eye Problems
Entropion
Entropion is a condition where the eyelids roll inward, causing the eyelashes to rub against the eye’s surface. This can lead to irritation, ulcers, and even blindness if untreated. Shar Peis are particularly prone to entropion due to their loose skin. Surgical correction is often necessary to resolve this issue and prevent long-term damage.
Glaucoma
Shar Peis are also at risk for glaucoma, a condition where increased pressure within the eye damages the optic nerve, potentially leading to blindness. Early signs include redness, tearing, and a cloudy appearance. Prompt veterinary care is crucial to manage the condition and preserve vision.
Respiratory Issues
Stenotic Nares and Elongated Soft Palate
Shar Peis can suffer from stenotic nares (narrowed nostrils) and an elongated soft palate, leading to breathing difficulties. These issues are common in brachycephalic (short-nosed) breeds. Symptoms include noisy breathing, snoring, and exercise intolerance. In severe cases, surgery may be required to improve airflow and quality of life.
Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome (BOAS)
Shar Peis may also experience Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome (BOAS), characterized by partial obstruction of the airways. This condition can cause labored breathing, heat intolerance, and even collapse during strenuous activity. Management includes weight control, avoiding overheating, and possibly surgical intervention.
Joint and Bone Problems
Hip Dysplasia
Hip dysplasia, a genetic condition where the hip joint doesn’t fit properly, is common in Shar Peis. It can lead to pain, lameness, and arthritis. Early signs include difficulty standing up, reluctance to run or jump, and a swaying gait. Management includes weight control, joint supplements, physical therapy, and in severe cases, surgery.
Elbow Dysplasia
Elbow dysplasia is another orthopedic issue affecting Shar Peis. It involves abnormal development of the elbow joint, leading to pain, lameness, and arthritis. Symptoms include front limb lameness, reluctance to exercise, and joint swelling. Treatment options range from weight management and pain relief to surgical correction.
Autoimmune Disorders
Shar Pei Fever
Shar Pei Fever, also known as Familial Shar Pei Fever (FSF), is an inherited condition causing periodic episodes of fever and swelling of the hocks (ankles). These episodes can last from a few hours to a few days and may be accompanied by lethargy and joint pain. Recurrent episodes can lead to amyloidosis, a serious condition where protein deposits damage organs, particularly the kidneys.
Amyloidosis
Amyloidosis is a potentially life-threatening condition where amyloid proteins accumulate in organs, primarily the kidneys, leading to organ failure. Symptoms include increased thirst, frequent urination, vomiting, and weight loss. While there is no cure, managing Shar Pei Fever episodes and regular veterinary check-ups can help monitor and address complications early.
Preventive Care for Shar Peis
Regular Veterinary Check-Ups
Regular veterinary check-ups are essential to monitor and address any health issues early. These visits allow for vaccinations, parasite control, and overall health assessments. Your veterinarian can provide guidance on diet, exercise, and preventive measures specific to Shar Peis.
Skin Care Routine
Maintaining a proper skin care routine is crucial for Shar Peis. Regular cleaning and drying of the skin folds help prevent infections. Use mild, hypoallergenic shampoos and avoid over-bathing, which can strip natural oils and exacerbate skin problems. Check for signs of irritation or infection regularly and consult your veterinarian if you notice any issues.
Eye Care
Routine eye examinations and cleaning are important to prevent and manage eye problems. Wipe around the eyes gently with a damp cloth to remove discharge and monitor for signs of irritation, redness, or excessive tearing. Early detection and treatment of conditions like entropion and glaucoma are vital to preserving vision and preventing discomfort.
Weight Management
Maintaining a healthy weight is essential to reduce the risk of joint and bone problems. Overweight dogs are more prone to hip and elbow dysplasia, as well as other health issues. Feed your Shar Pei a balanced diet and ensure they get regular exercise. Avoid overfeeding and provide portion-controlled meals to maintain an optimal weight.
See Also: Are Shar Peis Good Guard Dogs?
Genetic Testing and Responsible Breeding
Genetic testing and responsible breeding practices can help reduce the prevalence of inherited health issues in Shar Peis. Reputable breeders should screen for conditions like hip dysplasia, entropion, and Shar Pei Fever. Prospective owners should seek breeders who prioritize health and genetic diversity over appearance.
Managing Common Health Issues
Treating Skin Infections
If your Shar Pei develops a skin infection, prompt treatment is crucial. Your veterinarian may prescribe antibiotics, antifungal medications, or topical treatments to address the infection. Regular cleaning and maintenance of the affected area are necessary to prevent recurrence.
Addressing Eye Conditions
Eye conditions like entropion and glaucoma require veterinary attention. Entropion often necessitates surgical correction, while glaucoma management may involve medications or surgery to reduce intraocular pressure. Regular monitoring and prompt treatment are essential to prevent long-term damage.
Managing Respiratory Issues
For respiratory issues like stenotic nares and BOAS, management strategies include weight control, avoiding overheating, and minimizing strenuous activity. In severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to improve airflow and quality of life.
Treating Joint and Bone Problems
Joint and bone problems such as hip and elbow dysplasia require a multifaceted approach. Weight management, joint supplements, and physical therapy can alleviate symptoms and improve mobility. Severe cases may necessitate surgical intervention to correct the joint abnormalities and provide pain relief.
Dealing with Autoimmune Disorders
Managing autoimmune disorders like Shar Pei Fever and amyloidosis involves regular veterinary care and monitoring. Treatment may include medications to control fever episodes, dietary adjustments, and supportive care to manage organ function. Early detection and intervention are key to improving the prognosis for affected dogs.
Lifestyle Considerations for Shar Pei Owners
Exercise and Activity
Shar Peis require moderate exercise to maintain their physical and mental well-being. Regular walks, playtime, and mental stimulation are important to keep them healthy and happy. However, avoid excessive exercise, especially in hot weather, as Shar Peis are prone to overheating and respiratory issues.
Diet and Nutrition
A balanced diet is essential for the overall health of Shar Peis. Choose high-quality dog food that meets their nutritional needs and supports joint health. Avoid feeding table scraps or foods high in fat and calories, as these can contribute to obesity and exacerbate joint problems.
Grooming and Maintenance
Regular grooming is necessary to maintain the coat and skin health of Shar Peis. Brush their coat regularly to remove loose hair and prevent matting. Clean the ears and teeth to prevent infections and dental issues. Regular grooming sessions also provide an opportunity to check for any signs of health problems.
Socialization and Training
Early socialization and training are crucial for Shar Peis to develop into well-adjusted and obedient companions. Expose them to various environments, people, and other animals to build confidence and reduce anxiety. Positive reinforcement training methods work best for this breed, fostering a strong bond between the dog and owner.
Conclusion
Shar Peis are a unique and endearing breed, but they do have specific health challenges that require careful attention and proactive management. While they may be prone to certain health issues, with proper care, regular veterinary check-ups, and a healthy lifestyle, Shar Peis can lead happy and fulfilling lives. By understanding their common health problems and implementing preventive measures, owners can ensure their Shar Peis remain healthy and enjoy their companionship for many years.
Related Topics:
