In a move aimed at addressing concerns over public safety, regulations restricting the ownership of American XL bully dogs have been implemented in England, Wales, and Scotland. While Northern Ireland remains an exception, owners there must adhere to heightened requirements. Here’s a breakdown of the latest developments and their implications.
Understanding the American XL Bully:
The American XL bully, the largest type of American bully dog, is characterized by a robust physique and a blocky head, indicative of substantial strength and power for its size. The UK government has issued guidance to identify XL bullies, emphasizing that they are not officially recognized as a distinct breed.
Male XL dogs stand at a shoulder height of 20 inches (51cm), with females slightly smaller. To be classified as XL, dogs must meet minimum height requirements and exhibit various other defining characteristics.
Implementation of the Ban in England and Wales:
The Dangerous Dogs Act 1991 now restricts the ownership of American XL bully dogs in England and Wales. Since December 31, 2023, it is illegal to sell, give away, abandon, or breed these dogs. As of February 1, 2024, owning an XL bully without an exemption certificate constitutes a criminal offense.
The government received a significant response, with 61,000 exemption applications submitted before the deadline. Unregistered prohibited dogs are subject to seizure by the police, with owners facing criminal charges and unlimited fines. Owners choosing not to keep their XL bullies had until January 31, 2024, to have them euthanized by a registered vet.
Responsibilities for Owners of Exempt XL Bullies in England and Wales:
Owners who secured exemptions in England and Wales are required to purchase insurance, microchip their dogs, and pay a £92.40 fee per animal. Registered dogs must be securely housed, leashed, and muzzled in public. Neutering is mandatory for older dogs by June 30, or by the end of 2024 for dogs under one year old.
Notably, applications for XL bully exemptions in England and Wales are no longer being accepted.
Regulations in Scotland:
As of February 23, American XL bullies in Scotland must be muzzled and leashed in public, with severe penalties, including imprisonment and fines up to £5,000, for rule violations. Owners looking to keep their dogs must secure an exemption certificate by July 31, 2024, following requirements expected to mirror those in England and Wales.
Status in Northern Ireland:
While American XL bully ownership remains legal in Northern Ireland, owners will be subject to restrictions similar to those in the rest of the UK. A new registration scheme, expected to be introduced in the summer or early autumn, will be required for those wishing to keep their dogs.
Concerns and Opposition:
Notably, there is no official data on attacks by individual dog breeds in the UK. However, a rise in recorded dog attacks has been reported, prompting the government to attribute 23 deaths since 2021 to dog attacks, with the XL bully disproportionately involved.
Charities, including Battersea Dogs and Cats Home, the Dogs Trust, the Kennel Club, the RSPCA, and the British Veterinary Association, oppose breed-specific bans. The Dog Control Coalition advocates for a comprehensive overhaul of the Dangerous Dogs Act, proposing tougher penalties for owners failing to control their dogs.
